ब्रह्म brahmanas, क्षत्रम् kshatriyas, अहिंसन्त: did not cause pain (in thought, word and deed), ते they, कोशम् treasury, समपूरयन् filled, पुरुषस्य for a person, बलाबलम् strength and weakness, सम्प्रेक्ष्य investigating, सुतीक्ष्णदण्डा: inflicted stringent punishments.

While ensuring that they did not cause pain to brahmanas and kshatriyas (in thought, word and deed), they filled the treasury. They inflicted stringent punishments on a man after examining his strength and weakness.